Ema MRE Delivers Significant Increase in Indicated Resource
Released
Released
Announcement PDF
ASX Announcement
Released 21st February 2025
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UPDATED MINERAL RESOURCE FOR EMA
97% INCREASE OF INDICATED TONNAGE
Indicated tonnes increased to 248Mt or 73% inside Central Starter Area
Highlights
•
Starter zone now contains 73% or 248Mt @ 759ppm TREO in the Indicated category an increase
of 97% over previous estimate1
•
Total starter zone Indicated and Inferred Mineral Resource Estimate (MRE) is adjusted to 341Mt
@ 746ppm TREO
•
100% of the 2024 infill drilling program converted MRE from Inferred to Indicated JORC
classification
•
Starter zone MRE considered more than sufficient to underpin long life Scoping Study and Ema
Project economics
•
Scoping Study is being finalised pending release during Q1
•
Mineralisation is close to surface and amenable to the widely used in-situ recovery mining
methods currently supplying the majority of the world’s ionic clay rare earth production
•
Updated Global Mineral Resource Estimate is 943Mt @ 716ppm TREO
Andrew Reid, Managing Director, commented:
“This updated MRE now contains all the assay results from the 2024 drilling program. The Central starter
zone which is our main focus for the scoping study now contains 73% of the tonnes within the higher
confidence Indicated JORC category.
This result now confirms the size and scale of the Central Starter area, and the larger Indicated portion
of the resource gives us greater confidence as we wrap up the final items of the scoping study prior to
release.
The Ema scoping study has had a clear objective to maximise the natural advantages that the Ema
mineralisation has granted us to develop a project which requires low-capital intensity and low ongoing
operational expenditure to generate a set of project financials which maintain solid cashflows at current
depressed rare earth prices.”
Brazilian Critical Minerals Ltd (ABN: 82 089 221 634)
AUS: Level 28, 140 St Georges Terrace, Perth WA 6000 T +61 8 6383 7820
BRA: Av Jornalista Riccardo Marinho, 360, Sala 113, Barra da Tijuca, Rio de Janeiro T +55 21 2439 57
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Brazilian Critical Minerals Limited (ASX: BCM) (“BCM” or the “Company”) is pleased to announce an
update Mineral Resource Estimate (MRE) for the Ema project, forming part of the Company´s wholly
owned REE projects, Apuí, Amazon, Brazil. At a cut-off of 500ppm the starter zone MRE contains 341Mt
@ 746 ppm TREO.
Table 1. Ema REE Project 2025 (starter zone) Mineral Resource Estimate-@COG 500ppm TREO
JORC
Category
Indicated
Inferred
Total
cut-off
ppm TREO
500
500
500
Tonnes
Mt
248
93
341
TREO
ppm
759
712
746
NdPr
ppm
176
168
174
DyTb
ppm
16
16
16
MREO
ppm
192
185
190
MREO:TREO
%
25
26
25
MREO
ppm
192
181
184
MREO:TREO
%
25
26
26
Table 2. Ema REE Project 2025 Global Mineral Resource Estimate-@COG 500ppm TREO
JORC
Category
Indicated
Inferred
Total
cut-off
ppm TREO
500
500
500
Tonnes
Mt
248
695
943
TREO
ppm
759
701
716
NdPr
ppm
176
165
168
DyTb
ppm
16
16
16
Notes:
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
TREO = total rare earth oxides (CeO2, Dy2O3, Er2O3, Eu2O3, Gd2O3, Ho2O3, La2O3, Lu2O3, Nd2O3, Pr6O11, Sm2O3, Tb4O7, Tm2O3, Yb2O3) +
Y2O3
NdPr=Pr6O11+Nd2O3
DyTb= Dy2O3 + Tb4O7
Totals may not balance due to rounding of figures.
The estimate of Mineral Resources are not Ore Reserves as they have not demonstrated economic viability and may be materially
affected by environmental, permitting, legal, title, taxation, socio-political, marketing, or other relevant factors.
Mineral resources were classified as Indicated and Inferred only.
Mineral Resources were prepared in accordance with Australasian Code for Reporting of Exploration Results, Mineral Resources and
Ore Reserves (JORC Code, 2012) incorporating drilling data acquired by 2023 and 2024.
Blocks estimated by ordinary kriging at support of 100 m × 100 m × 4 m with sub-blocks 25 m × 25 m × 2m.
The results are presented in-situ and undiluted, are constrained within optimized open pit shell, and are considered to have
reasonable prospects of economic viability, using the following parameters:
a. Pit slope angle: 25°.
b. Selling Prices: estimated by element oxide.
c. Costs: Mining: 2.13US$/t mined; Process: 7.23 US$/t processed; Royalties: 2% of revenue; Selling costs: 7.03US$/kg REO.
d. Metallurgical Efficiencies estimated by element.
Project Summary
The Ema project is located in the State of Amazonas in Brazil (Figure 1). The discovery of rare earths at
the Ema project was announced in May 2023, with the maiden MRE announced in April 2024.
Brazilian Critical Minerals Ltd (ABN: 82 089 221 634)
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BRA: Av Jornalista Riccardo Marinho, 360, Sala 113, Barra da Tijuca, Rio de Janeiro T +55 21 2439 57
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Figure 1. Location of the Ema project in Brazil
Mineral Resource Estimate Update
The updated Mineral Resource Estimate was undertaken by GE21 Consultaria Mineral in Brazil and
incorporates the assay results from the priority 2 and 3 areas of the recently completed 2024, 244-hole
drill program (Figure 2).
Figure 2. Central infill drilling program 2024. Black holes inside red dotted line are the 244 holes drilled.
Brazilian Critical Minerals Ltd (ABN: 82 089 221 634)
AUS: Level 28, 140 St Georges Terrace, Perth WA 6000 T +61 8 6383 7820
BRA: Av Jornalista Riccardo Marinho, 360, Sala 113, Barra da Tijuca, Rio de Janeiro T +55 21 2439 57
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This updated Mineral Resource Estimate for the Ema project highlights significant progress and
enhanced confidence in the resource base. Key takeaways include:
1. Starter Zone Mineral Resource Estimate:
o
Indicated and Inferred 341Mt @ 746ppm TREO, using a cut-off of 500ppm TREO
o
73% of MRE now in the higher confidence Indicated JORC classification
o
Sufficient for underpinning a long mine life scoping study assessment
2. Global Mineral Resource Estimate:
o
Indicated Resources now account for 248Mt (26%) of the global MRE
o
Global MRE now stands at 943Mt @ 716ppm TREO
3. Impact on Project Development:
o
The high Indicated resource portion bolsters confidence in the Scoping Study
outcomes
o
Strengthens the foundation for establishing a future Ore Reserve
o
Facilitates more precise project design and economic evaluations during the feasibility
study phase
This progress underscores the potential for long-term development and a strong start for the Ema
project.
The Ema ionic REE project stands out as a unique and highly promising Mineral Resource in Brazil's rare
earth element (REE) sector, offering several key highlights:
•
Analogous to China’s iREE Deposits: The project’s similarity to the world-renowned ionic clay
REE deposits in southwest China, formed over felsic volcanic rocks, sets it apart from other
Brazilian REE projects
•
World-Class Potential: China's deposits are the largest known ionic clay REE sources,
emphasizing the strategic importance and potential scale of the Ema project
•
Extensive Land Area: The project spans a vast 189 km² of felsic volcanic terrain.
•
The similarity to Chinese iREE deposits strengthens the confidence in the project’s potential
for economically viable development
•
55% of tenement area remains to be explored and indicates the possibility of significant
resource expansion as additional drilling is undertaken
•
The project holds strategic importance for Brazil's REE sector, potentially positioning it as a
major player in the global supply chain
Brazilian Critical Minerals Ltd (ABN: 82 089 221 634)
AUS: Level 28, 140 St Georges Terrace, Perth WA 6000 T +61 8 6383 7820
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The Ema project’s unique characteristics and ongoing exploration success underline its potential to
contribute meaningfully to the global demand for rare earth elements.
Geology and Mineralisation
The rare earth element (REE) mineralisation is hosted within a tropical lateritic weathering profile
developed atop felsic volcanic and volcaniclastic rocks, including rhyolites and ignimbrites. This
weathering profile has facilitated the enrichment of REEs, making the deposit a valuable target for
extraction.
The REE mineralisation occurs primarily in the weathered portions of the profile. In these zones, REEs
originally contained in primary minerals such as monazite and xenotime are released through
weathering processes. The dissolved REEs migrate downward through the regolith profile and are
subsequently adsorbed onto newly forming fine aluminosilicate clay particles, including kaolinite, illite,
and smectite.
The Ema deposit is characterised as an undulating ionic clay-hosted deposit, conforming to the rise and
fall of the local topography. The mineralisation has been geologically interpreted as a singular,
contiguous deposit spanning an area of approximately 82km². This interpretation was developed
through a systematic approach aimed at ensuring the MRE was both well-constrained and reflective of
expected subsurface conditions.
Key steps in the process included the use of both factual and interpreted geological data to guide the
development of the mineralisation model. Geological matrices were developed to aid in interpretation,
facilitating the definition and construction of estimation domains. This approach ensured that the
resource estimation was firmly rooted in the underlying geology, delivering a robust and representative
MRE for the deposit.
The methodologies employed demonstrate a thorough understanding of the deposit's geologic
characteristics, enhancing confidence in the accuracy and reliability of the MRE. All of the data used in
the MRE has been gathered from hand auger drilling. This clay core is geologically logged and
subsequently sub-sampled prior to analysis. The sampling intervals are domained by geological
constraints (e.g. rock type, and alteration). All geology input is logged and validated by the relevant area
geologists, incorporating an assessment of sample recovery. No defined relationship exists between
sample recovery and grade.
Drilling
Drilling was conducted with hand-held augers, which offers the advantage of low-cost, rapid deployment
and mobility. Drill results have now been received for 244 infill holes of the 270-hole program. The
remaining 26 holes were not drilled due to weather conditions preventing site access and will be drilled
during the 2025 drill campaign.
Brazilian Critical Minerals Ltd (ABN: 82 089 221 634)
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Figure 3 - Location map of the auger infill holes with assay results received from 2024 infill drilling program
Figure 4 - Cross section from EMA-172 to 192
One key constraint of auger drilling is the depth limitation, with the deepest holes, drilled to ~20m depth,
however this is sufficient to intercept the higher-grade lower zones of the mineralisation which lie
directly above the basal fresh rock.
Topography is moderately undulating across most of the project area with holes within the starter zone
(Priority 1-3) drilled on a nominal 300m grid spacing. Prior drilling programs were conducted at 800m
spacing.
The entire enriched zone at Ema is generally contained within the 10 metres of regolith sitting directly
above the saprock/fresh rock interface, which display a clear increase in grades with depth.
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The leach test results from standard assays at SGS (magnesium sulphate and ammonium sulphate)
confirm high recoveries of the four most important rare earth elements, neodymium, praseodymium,
dysprosium and terbium, with some individual elements producing recoveries of up to 85% within the
lower regolith portion of the profile.
The recovery data indicates a significant proportion of the REE’s are present as ionically adsorbed clays,
confirming that Ema, which currently stretches over 82km2 has the potential to become one of the
largest ionic clay hosted deposits defined outside of China.
Weathering Model – Chemical Index of Alteration (CIA)
The mineralised horizons were constrained by a weathering model constructed using the Chemical Index
of Alteration (CIA; Nesbitt & Young, 1982), which showed high reliability, made possible by the
availability of major oxide assays for each interval (Figure 5, 6 & 7).
Figure 5. Weathering Model Plan View and Section Location (A-A1, B-B1) over entire global resource area. HW =
high weathering, IW = Intermediate weathering, LW = low weathering, FR = fresh rock.
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Figure 6. Weathering Model section A-A1.
Figure 7. Weathering Model section B-B1.
Sampling and Sub-sampling Techniques
Holes were sampled by BCM´s exploration team, with sampling being supervised by a GE21 geologist
and field assistants. Every 1-metre sample was collected in a plastic bag in the field and transported to
the exploration shed to be oven dried prior to homogenisation.
Samples were homogenised and subsequently riffle split with about 1 kg sent to SGS for analysis and a
similar amount stored.
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Additional sample preparation for the auger samples was conducted at SGS Vespasiano (greater Belo
Horizonte) comprising oven drying, crushing of entire sample to 75% < 3mm followed by rotary splitting
and pulverisation of 250 to 300 grams at 95% minus 150#.
The <3mm rejects and the 250-300 grams pulverised sample were returned to BCM for storage.
All samples generated have identification that is registered in internal spreadsheets. This identification
is linked to the name of the hole and interval to which the sample belongs.
Sample Analysis Method
The assay technique used for REE analysis was Lithium Metaborate Fusion ICP-MS (SGS code ICP95A and
IMS95A). This is a recognised industry standard analysis technique for REE suite and associated
elements. Elements analysed at ppm levels included the following minerals and elements:
Ba
Gd
Rb
U
Cu
Ce
Hf
Sm
V
Ni
Co
Ho
Sn
W
Cs
La
Sr
Y
Dy
Lu
Ta
Yb
Er
Nb
Tb
Zr
Eu
Nd
Th
Zn
Ga
Pr
Tm
Co
The sample preparation and assay techniques used are industry standard and provide total analysis.
The ICP95A reports the major elements oxides used to calculate the Chemical Index of Alteration (CIA)
at % levels included:
Al2O3
CaO
Cr2O3
F2O3
K2O
MgO
MnO
Na2O
P2O5
SiO2
TiO2
Estimation Methodology
Geological modelling classified weathering domains based on the Chemical Index of Alteration (CIA;
Nesbitt & Young, 1982). GE21 used Leapfrog Geo and Edge software for 3D modelling, with domains
based on weathering horizons defined as follows (figure Error! Reference source not found.):
•
•
•
•
High Weathering: CIA ≥ 93%
Intermediate Weathering: CIA ≥ 82%
Low Weathering: CIA < 82%
Fresh Rock: EOH of auger drilling
Most drillholes did not cross the complete weathering profile; with some holes stopping in the pedolith
or saprolite domains due to the depth limitations of the auger semi-compact rocks. The top of fresh rock
horizon was assumed at the end of each auger hole. Figure 9 shows a cross-section view of the geological
model.
Brazilian Critical Minerals Ltd (ABN: 82 089 221 634)
AUS: Level 28, 140 St Georges Terrace, Perth WA 6000 T +61 8 6383 7820
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Quality assurance and quality control
One certified blank sample (ITAK-QG-01), 2 certified reference material (standard) sample (ITAK-713 and
ITAK-714) and 3 field duplicate sample were inserted by BCM into each 50-sample sequence.
Standard laboratory QA/QC procedures were followed, including inclusion of standard, duplicate and
blank samples.
The assay results of the standards fall within acceptable tolerance limits and no material bias is evident.
Data analysis
GE21 developed data analyses, including descriptive statistics for light and heavy REE’s by domain,
exploratory data analysis, and geostatistical analysis. They identified outliers as breaks in probability plot
distribution curves for each element by domain (Table 4).
Bulk density
Average bulk density values for each weathering zone type were defined based on 57 sand replacement
in situ density assays executed by the BCM technical team. Samples were collected in pits adjacent to
auger holes at 2 metre depth intervals. Density values were correlated to a specific weathering zone
type based on assay results (CIA) for average density definition. The bulk density applied in the block
model was dry based.
Block model and Grade Estimation
The block model dimensions were based on average drill spacing, with sub-blocks used for adhesion
between modelled solids and the selective mining unit.
The 3D block model was constructed for resource estimation purposes in Leapfrog EdgeTM software.
The parent block dimensions were 100m x 100m x 4m, sub-blocked to 25m (X) x 25m (Y) x 2m (Z).
Variographic analysis was performed for grouped domains (HW, IW and LW) and elements (TREO), with
experimental variograms constructed in different directions. No continuity differences were observed
in different directions in the horizontal plane, therefore, horizontal/omnidirectional experimental
variograms were chosen (Table 3 Table 3). The mineral resource was estimated using ordinary kriging
(Table 4Table 4. ) and validated the grade estimate through visual analysis and global and local bias
analysis using the nearest neighbour as the comparison estimate.
Brazilian Critical Minerals Ltd (ABN: 82 089 221 634)
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Table 3. Variogram Parameters for HW, IW and LW domains
Domain
HW
IW
LW
Dip
Direction
Dip Az
Plunge
Major
Range
Semi
Minor
0
45
0
300
300
7.5
0
45
0
300
300
10
0
45
0
300
300
10
Parameter
Sill
Nugget
Structure
Nugget
Structure
Nugget
Structure
0.08
0.92
0.08
0.92
0.08
0.92
Table 4. Ordinary Kriging Strategy
Range
Domain
HW
IW
LW
Pass
1
2
3
4
1
2
3
4
1
2
3
4
Sample Search
Major
Semi
Minor
100
200
300
>300
100
200
300
>300
100
200
300
>300
100
200
300
>300
100
200
300
>300
100
200
300
>300
5
10
15
>15
5
10
15
>15
5
10
15
>15
Max per
Hole
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
Min
max
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
12
12
12
12
12
12
12
12
12
12
12
12
Figure 8. Mineral Resource blocks colour coded by JORC Category. Blue area outline represents Ema MRE
boundary. Red dotted line is the boundary for the central starter area.
Brazilian Critical Minerals Ltd (ABN: 82 089 221 634)
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Cut-off grades, including basis for the selected Cut-off Grade
The selection of the TREO cut-off grade (500ppm) used for reporting was based on the experience of the
Competent Person. Given the Mineral Resource and the absence of any development studies, this cutoff grade was selected based on a peer review of publicly available information from more advanced
projects with comparable mineralisation styles (i.e. clay-hosted rare earth mineralisation) and
comparable conceptual processing methods.
Mining and metallurgical methods / material modifying factors
No specific mining or metallurgical methods or parameters were incorporated into the modelling
process.
Mineral Resource classification and reporting
The Mineral Resource Estimate for Ema Project has been classified as Inferred and Indicated.
The Competent Persons are satisfied that the classification is appropriate based on the current level of
confidence in the data, drill hole spacing, geological continuity, variography, and bulk density data
available for the project.
References
1
Brazilian Critical Minerals (ASX:BCM) – Updated Mineral Resource Estimate for Ema 14th January 2025
2
Brazilian Critical Minerals (ASX:BCM) – Infill Drilling Confirms Ema Resource 8th October 2024
This announcement has been authorised for release by the Board of Directors.
Enquiries
For more information please contact:
Andrew Reid
Managing Director
Brazilian Critical Minerals Limited
Andrew.reid@braziliancriticalminerals.com
Brazilian Critical Minerals Ltd (ABN: 82 089 221 634)
AUS: Level 28, 140 St Georges Terrace, Perth WA 6000 T +61 8 6383 7820
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About Brazilian Critical Minerals Ltd
Brazilian Critical Minerals Limited (BCM) is a mineral
exploration company listed on the Australian
Securities Exchange.
Its major exploration focus is Brazil, in the Apuí
region, where BCM has discovered a world class Ionic
Adsorbed Clay (IAC) Rare Earth Elements deposit. The
Ema IAC project is contained within the 781 km² of
exploration tenements within the Colider Group and
adjacent sediments.
BCM has defined an inferred MRE of 943Mt of REE’s
with metallurgical recoveries averaging 68% MREO,
representing some of the highest for these types of
deposits anywhere in the world.
The Company has converted the MRE central portion
from Inferred into the Indicated category with an
extensive drill program during 2024 which will inform
the scoping study and economic analysis due for
completion Q1 2025.
Ema REE Global Mineral Resource Estimate @COG 500ppm TREO
JORC
cut-off
Tonnes
TREO
NdPr
Category
ppm TREO
Mt
ppm
ppm
Indicated
500
248
759
176
Inferred
500
695
701
165
Total
500
943
716
168
DyTb
ppm
16
16
16
MREO
ppm
192
181
184
MREO: TREO
%
25
26
26
Competent Persons Statement
The information in this announcement relates to previously reported exploration results for the Ema
Project released by the Company to ASX on 22 May 2023, 17 July 2023, 19 July 2023, 31 July 2023, 13
Sep 2023, 19 Oct 2023, 06 Dec 2023, 06 Feb 2024, 22 Feb 2024, 13 Mar 2024, 02 Apr 2024, 08 Oct 2024
19 Nov 2024, 21 Jan 2025 and 17th Feb 2025. The Company confirms that is not aware of any new
information or data that materially affects the information included in the above-mentioned releases.
The information in this announcement that relates to the Ema/Ema East Mineral Resource is based on
and fairly represents information compiled by Mr. Antonio de Castro (acts as BCM´s Senior Consulting
Geologist through the consultancy firm, ADC Geologia Ltda) and Mr. Leonardo Rocha (associate of GE21
Consultoria Mineral Ltda). Mr. de Castro is a member of the Australasian Institute of Mining and
Metallurgy, and Mr. Rocha is a member of Australasian Institute of Geoscientists. Both have sufficient
experience of relevance to the styles of mineralisation and types of deposits under consideration, and
to activities undertaken to qualify as Competent Persons as defined in the 2012 Edition of the Joint Ore
Reserve Committee (JORC) Australasian Code for Reporting of Exploration Results, Mineral Resources
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and Ore Reserves. Mr. de Castro is the Competent Person for the geological and mineralization model
database (including all drilling information). Mr. Rocha is the Competent Person for the construction of
the 3D geology/mineralisation model plus the mineral resource estimation. Mr Leonardo Rocha
undertook a site visit to the Ema Project between July and 15, 2024. Mr de Castro has planned, managed
and/or conducted work programmes for the Ema/Ema East Project, including drilling. He has visited the
site on numerous occasions. Mr. de Castro and Mr. Rocha consent to the inclusion in this report of the
matters on their information in the form and context in which they appear.
Appendix 1 – Full List of Drill Hole Collars
Hole ID
East
North
RL (m)
EMA-TR-008 185745.97
9177402.82
EMA-TR-009 185900.31
9177539.18
EMA-TR-010 186037.86
9177691.37
EMA-TR-011 186177.8
9177843.9
EMA-TR-012 186316.92
9177968.47
EMA-TR-013 186455.87
EMA-TR-014 186593.57
Depth (m)
Azimuth
Dip
164.16
20
0
-90
138.84
17
0
-90
129.1
15
0
-90
127.59
11
0
-90
165.92
7
0
-90
9178124.06
183.17
20
0
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9178263.2
201.31
21
0
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9178409.15
208.53
18
0
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EMA-TR-016 186888.45
9178522.38
179.28
15
0
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EMA-TR-017 187024.11
9178683.36
162.09
10
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9178794.7
143.09
18
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9178963.33
129.03
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9176775.57
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9176594.69
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22
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9176379.43
138.75
21
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9176415.04
140.97
16
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9176408.92
154.8
14
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9176594.06
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9176758.63
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9177128.56
122.94
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EMA-TR-030 185201.26
9177198.48
158.12
4
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9176793.11
118.44
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9176392.66
125.92
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9176391.55
117.4
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9176794.06
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9176796.19
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9177193.44
125.82
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9177185.3
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11
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9177596.38
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19
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9177599.11
130.93
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9177591.88
162.69
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EMA-TR-042 183634.49
9177999.52
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Brazilian Critical Minerals Ltd (ABN: 82 089 221 634)
AUS: Level 28, 140 St Georges Terrace, Perth WA 6000 T +61 8 6383 7820
BRA: Av Jornalista Riccardo Marinho, 360, Sala 113, Barra da Tijuca, Rio de Janeiro T +55 21 2439 57
ASX Announcement
Released 21st February 2025
https://braziliancriticalminerals.com/
Investor Hub: https://braziliancriticalminerals.com/auth/signup
EMA-TR-043 183897.03
9177996.6
124.06
12
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EMA-TR-044 184381.4
9178023.3
126.58
14
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EMA-TR-045 184781.11
9177982.03
144.9
6
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EMA-TR-046 184791.4
9178446.68
179.92
10
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EMA-TR-047 184414.54
9178404.01
147.48
18
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EMA-TR-048 184006.58
9178394.08
130.46
15
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EMA-TR-049 183635.42
9178391.84
124.06
13
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EMA-TR-050 182805.91
9176803.38
149.8
13
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EMA-TR-051 182010.93
9176799.63
134.05
12
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EMA-TR-052 181221.53
9176789.42
142.58
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9176788.37
189.59
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EMA-TR-054 179605.11
9176819.69
174.49
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9176796.66
180.81
16
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9176827.72
179.47
15
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9177594.65
178.46
29
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EMA-TR-058 182037.28
9177611.95
149.21
20
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EMA-TR-059 181206.2
9177596.59
188.79
17
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EMA-TR-060 180351.97
9177560.74
188.42
11
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9177593.92
204.52
22
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9177598.18
175.95
13
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9177561.12
195.28
16
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EMA-TR-064 182781.52
9178348.41
135.73
10
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EMA-TR-065
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